What are the facet joints?
The joints between the vertebral arches are called intervertebral facet joints. They are oriented in such a way that they reduce the rotation capability of the vertebrae. If there were no facet joints the discs would wear out more quickly as a result of rotatory movement in the spine.
When the discs are affected, with age, by degenerative changes, a decreased compression and displacement of the vertebrae occur, and the possibility of disc compression is increased. This in turn can lead to increased load on the joints causing osteoarthritis.
The cartilage of the articular surface is destroyed and the resulting osteophytes then press on the nerves so that radiating pain is experienced without a disc having slipped
Symptoms of a facet joint problem
Facet joint syndrome affects those over forty years old and usually manifests itself as a sudden pain in the lumbar(low back) region.
Generally rest makes it worse and generally the pain is eased by movement.
After sitting it is hard to get up. Generally sitting is comfortable but getting up can be very painful. Likewise getting up in the mornings can be very painful as the spine is stiff.
Treatment
As per all other back conditions.
1.Take Analgesics/Painkillers
Take regular painkillers for several days to cut down the level of pain so that you can start to move more normally. A combination of paracetamol and ibuprofen – see drugs article below
In acute attacks if you are in a huge amount of muscle spasm the doctor can prescribe muscle relaxants which can be a useful tool for a few days only.
2. Physiotherapy
The physiotherapist will ease up the stiffness in the affected part of the spine with a number of gentle techniques. You will also be shown some easy mobilising exercises to do at home.
See Back exercises-Mobilising
Back exercises- Basic mobilising
Also if you have access to a pool try and do the back exercises in the pool
3. Heat pack or Ice
This may help ease the pain as will hot baths
4. Injection
If the pain lasts many weeks and becomes unbearable then an injection is another treatment option.